Boiler



Apr 22 1924.

@Hlomag April 22 C. ALEXANDER ETvAL BOILER- Filed-Aug. 11. 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patentedr Apr. 22, 1924.

CARL Z. ALXANDER AND EAR-L S. ALEXANDER, OF NEWARK, NETJV J'RSEY.

BoILnR.

v Application Afiled August 11, 1921. Serial No. 491,644.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, CARL Z. ALEXANDER and EARL S. ALEXANDER, citizens of the United States, and residents of Newark,

county of Essex, and State of New Jersey,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which forms part of the same.

This invention relates especially to boilers for steam heating, etc., of the general type covered by the Alexanderv Patent No. 1,240,804; of Septemberv, 1917, and in which one or more geyser tubes may be cast integral with or formed within the tire box section or ire pot water jacket so as to be more or less within the lire box. In the case of cast iron or cast steel tire box sections of water-jacket construction, three to five or so water legs or geyser tube members may be cast integral with the fire box so as to more Vor less bridge across its upper portion, and these bent or curved water 25 legs may advantageously be carried down a considerable distance below the normal orV cold water level in the boiler or be otherwise connected to the water sections of the boiler, so that under firing conditions water under considerable head is supplied lto these water legs to be fed lup through the connected geyser device by ythe action of the steam produced within the water. any suitable steam chambers arranged adjacent to or above the tire box may have water automatically supplied to their heating surfaces so as to be evaporated under" cticient conditions; and these steam chambers preferably have ribs or projections to feed the water over them in thin sheets or streams during its evaporation, the remaining water being returned to the water jacket or other part of the boiler circulation. Furthermore under extreme tiring conditions when the water jacket is'suthciently heated so that large volumes of steam are generated therein, this water can be carried up through supplemental water supply connections or tubes, so that further supplies ofwater are furnished to the steam chamberheating surfaces under these conditions when they are needed.

In 'this way` which may be mounted on the base or ash pit section 3 having the usual Aash door i below the grate on which the coa-l or other fire 5 may be made. This fire box may of course, have a firing door such as 6 indicated in dotted lines, and other draft and cleaning doors and openings may of course be provided as desired. The vgeyser tube device may comprise the bent or depending water legs 15 and the geyser chamber or junction box 16, connecting the different legs `of which three to live more or less may be provided preferably of integral cast-in construction connected to the lire box water jacket. In this way the water legs bridge or extend across the upper part of the lire box and have their inlet portions arranged at least considerably below .the Inormal water level 3l in this water jacket,'so that under firing conditions water underV considerable head is supplied to the geyser device in which it is highly heatedand vaporized to a sufficient extent to raise the water to the supplemental heating surfaces above the water line. For this purpose a geyser tube orvconnection 17 may be provided having dan effective area of about an inch or so for small sized domestic boilers which enables the water to be raised veffectively a foot and more above the normal :water line in.l this construction. l If desiredghowever, the geyser chamber or junction box may bev raised. considerably above jthe position indicated and as shown in Fig. 2, the watery legs 651 may be Varched or bent yup to a considerable extent andpreferably be .given a somewhat k.flatter cross section, especially atv their lower ends-64 where they j mergeor join with the linner surfacer62 of the water jacket 6l. The inlet openings 63 for these water legs or geyser tubes are pret erably considerably below the normal water line 61, so that water is forced into these geyser tubes and vaporized therein to a sutil cient extent to raise the water through the junction box 66 and a connected geyser tube or up-take 67 leading to the upper steam chambers or heating surfaces of the boiler. lilith this arrangement the fire box area is not greatly decreased and these geyser tube devices are arranged in the upper part of the lire box where they receive the greatest h at when a lire is started, so that the automatic feeding of water to the upper heating surfaces is prompt and effective although in many cases the Fig. l arrangement has proved entirely satisfactory under service conditions.

Any desired number of steam chambers such as 7, 49 may be arranged adjacent the tire box and the series ot horizontal steam chambers directly above the fire box is convenient and effective for small sized units. The upper steam chamber 7 may have a series ot water guiding ribs or projections indicated in Fig. 3 as comprising therannular ribs 38 and radial ribs 56, so that in connection with the recesses or water passages 54 in the annular ribs a series ot' labyrinth channels are formed through which lthe water `flows in shallow streams from the top 42 of the geyser tube'between the smoke passages 43. The connecting nipples 34 join this upper steam head with the one or more steam chambers below and the screw bush ings 35 may be used for securing tight connection between these parts if desired. The water thus pass down these. connecting nipples adjacent the periphery of the steam chambers and then iiow inward over the somewhat conical lower surface 22 of the lower steam chamber which as indicated in Fig` 4 is provided with similar guiding ribs Y or projections 23, 57, so as to form elongated or zigzag water channels to eect the more etlicient evaporation of the water in thin films or streams. The arrows in 4 show the direction of the water flowing through these labyrinth channels 46 before the unevaporated water falls into the depression or well 20 and passes out of the radial passage 16, 24 and through the pipe connections 2S, 29, 30 to the lower partof the fire bor; water jacket for instance.

Under operating conditions, the lire heats the inner surface of the lire box water jacket which may have the ribs or corrugations i4 to increase this heat absorbing action, and steam is simultaneously generated' in the geyser chamber and connecting tubes Vof the geyser device, so'that the water is automatically raised and carried up to the one or more steam chambers above where it is evaporated quickly and'eiciently and the steam withdrawn through the steam lines such as 27, 4?. Under forced firing the evaporation in the tire box water jacket often becomes suiicient to raise the normal water level 3l, and carry further quantities of water up through the nipples or connections 37 which may be screwed or forced into the upper end of the water jacket and into one of the steam chambers above. As indicated the upper end 36 of these supplemental water supply connections may extend somewhat above the adjacent portions of the floor ot this steam space or chamber 44; may also have an adA jacent raised section as indicated in Fig. 3 in some cases, so that even if intermittent supplies ot water pass through this connection it tends to flow around the steam chamber so as to be evaporated thereon or on the heating surfaces of the steam chamber below atter passing down through the connections 34. rlhis action is quite desirable in such domestic or other steam boilers and if desired four to six such supplemental water supply connections may be provided which also allow the passage of steam through the water jacket under low or moderate tiring. ln some cases it is advantageous also to have the lower parts of these connecting nipples threaded and to use the threaded bushings or nuts thereon to force the two steam chambers together in addition to the action of the bolts and nuts 10, il clamping together the flanges S and 9. As indicated the flue gases from the lire may pass around the lower steam chamber 49 which may have recesses 48 for the nipple connections 37.

The 'flue gases may then pass under the j lower surface 52 of the upper steam chamber and through any desired number ot smoke passages 43. These two steam chambers may also be connected as by the push nipple 40 which allows steam to pass between them when as is sometimes desirable, the head or spreader 42 is raised slightly above the top of this nipple. This type ot boiler has proved highly eicient in operation and its light weight is also another decided advanu tage growing out of the rapid circulation and advantages secured by the geyser device of the type described.

This invention has been described in conllt) nection with a number ot illustrative em- Y bodiments, forms proportions, parts, arrangements, materials, constructions and methods of manufactureand use, to the details of which disclosure this invention is not of course to be limited, since what is claimed as newand what is desired to bc secured by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims. Y

We claim- 1. A boiler comprising a substantially vertical cylindrical fire pot water jacket of cast metal having a cast-in geyser chamber and connecting water legs therefor bridging the upper partV ofsaid fire-pogen upwardly extending geyser tube connected to said geyser chamber to receive water therefrom under firing conditions, upper and lower substantially horizontal, steant chambers arranged above said lire pot water jacket and having heating surfaces-provided with tortuous channels to conduct water thereover in thin sheets or streams, said geyser tube discharging adjacent the center of said upper steam chamber which is downwardly and outwardly inclined, water connections between the peripheriesof said steam chambers and a water drip connection between said lower steam chamber and said water jacket, and supplemental water supply connections between the upper part of said water jacket and the periphery of said upperv steam chamber to automatically supply additional water theretoV under extreme tiring conditions.

2. A boiler comprising a substantially vertical fire potv water jacket of cast metal having a cast-in geyser chamber and connecting waterv legs therefor bridging the upper part of said fire pot, an upwardly extending geyser tube connected to said geyser chamber to receive water therefrom under firing conditions, upper and lower substantially horizontal steam chambers arranged above said fire pot water jacket, said geyser tube discharging adjacent the center of said upper steam chamber which is downwardly and outwardly inclined, water connections between said steam chambersn and su-pplemental water supply connections-between the upper part of said vwater. jacket and the periphery of vsaid upper steam chamber to automaticallyV supply additional water thereto under extreme ring conditions.v

3. A boiler comprising a substantially vertical fire pot water jacket having a geyser chamber and connecting water-V legs therefor bridging the upper part of said fire pot, an upwardly extending geyser -tubeconnected to said geyser. chamber to-.receive water therefrom under firing conditions,,up

per and lower substantially horizontall steam chambers arranged above said ire pot water jacket, said geyser tube discharging adja-` cent the center of said upper steam chamber which is downwardly and outwardly inclined, water connections between said steam chambers, supplemental water supply connections between the upper part of said water jacket and said steam chambers to automatically supply adidtional water thereto under extreme firing conditions.

4. A boiler comprising a substantially vertical cylindrical fire box water jacket sec-V from under firing -conditions, steamchambers arranged above said'iire box section and vhaving heatingv surfaces above the normal water leveland provided with means to conduct thereover in thin sheets or streams ,the

,water from said geyser tube, and water and connections between said steam chambers.

A boiler .comprising a substantially vertical fire box water jacket section of cast ymetaljhaving a cast-in geyser device and depending .water supply conne,ctionstliereforlbridgingtlie upper part of the .tire box,

`an upwardly Jextending tube connected to said .geyser deviceto receive vwater therewater from said tube.V

6. A boiler comprising a fire box water jacket section having a geyser deviceand Vdepending water'supply connections therefor bridging the upper4 part of the fire box andV integrally connected thereto, an Aup-i wardly extending: geyser tube connected -to said geyser device to receive water therefrom under firing conditions and a connected. steam chamber varranged considerably above the normal water level of the boilerj u Yand having heating surfaces to receive the stream of water automatically discharged from Asaid geyser device under vfiring vconditions.

. 7. vA boiler comprising a fire box section Vof cast metal, having a cast-in geyser device. 'comprisingn a connected dependingv bent' water leg therefor bridging,theV upper part :of the i'r'ebox, a geyserV tube connected Y to vsaid, geyser. dev-ice toy receive water. thereico from. under firing conditions and a steam chamberarranged above vsaid fire box section, andfhavingheating surfaces provided withpm'eans to" conduct water thereover in thin sheets ory streams,l saidl geyser tube coinmunicating with said steam chamber. y

8..A. boiler comprising a fire box section of cast metal jhaving a geyser device connected to a water space of the boiler and extending into the upper part yof the tire boxm yageyser tube. connected to said geyserV device to receive water therefrom under firing conditions, and a steam chamber arranged above said fire box section and having heating surfaces provided with means to conduct water thereover in thin sheets or streams, said geyser tube communicating with saidv steam chamber to supply water thereto.

9. A boiler comprising a fire box water jacket section having a geyser device and depending water supply connections therefor bridging the upper part of the fire box, an upwardly extending` geyser tube connected to said geyser device to receive water therefrom under firing conditions and a connected steam chamber arranged above the normal water level of the boiler and having heating surfaces to receive the water automatically discharged from said geyser device under tiring conditions.

10. A boiler comprising a substantially vertical tire box water jacket having a geyser chamber and connecting water legs theretor adjacent the upper part of the fire box, an upwardly extending geyser tube connected to said geyser chamber to receive water therefrom under tiring conditions, upper and lower steam chambers arranged above said fire box water jacket and having heating surfaces provided with tortuous channels to conduct water thereover in thin sheets or streams, said geyser tube discharging adjacent the center of said upper steam chamber which is downwardly and outwardly inclined, water connections between the peripheries oit said chambers and a water drip connection between said lower steam chamber and said water jacket, and supplemental water supply connections between the upper part of said water jacket and the periphery of said upper steam chamber to supply additional water thereto under extreme tiring conditions.

1l. A' boiler comprising a fire box water jacket having a geyser device adjacent the upper part of the tire box, an upwardly extending tube connected to said geyser device to receive water therefrom under iring conditions, steam chambers arranged above said iire box water jacket and having heating surfaces to conduct water thereover in thin .sheets or streams, said tube discharging adjacent the center of said steam chamber which is downwardly and outwardly inclined, water connections between the peripheries of said steam chambers, and supplemental water supply connections between the upper vpart of said water jacket and the periphery of said upper steam chamber to supply additional water thereto under extreme tiring conditions.

12. A boiler comprising a fire box water jacket having a geyser device adjacent the upper part of the tire box, an upwardly extending tube connected to said geyser device to receive water therefrom under ring conthe tire box, a geyser tube connected to said j geyser device to receive wat-er therefrom under tiring conditions, a steam chamber arranged above said ire box section and having heating surfaces above the normal water level, said geyser tube communicating with said steam chamber to supply water thereto, and supplemental water supplyV connections bet-ween the upper part of the'water jacket of said lire box section and said steam chamber to supply additional water thereto under extreme tiring conditions.

14. A boiler comprising a water jacket fire box section having a geyser device adjacent the tire box, a tube connected to said geyser device vto receive water therefrom under firing conditions, a steam chamber Y arranged adjacent said ire box section and having heating surfaces above the normal water level, said tube communicating with said steam chamber to supply water thereto, and supplemental water supply connections between the water jacket of said tire box section and said steam chamber to supply additional water thereto under extreme firing conditions. j

l5. A boiler comprising a lire box section having a geyser device adjacent the fire box, a steam chamber arranged adjacent said tire box section and having heating surfaces above the normal water level, said geyser device communicating with said steam chamber to supply water thereto, and supplemental automatic water feeding devices extending adjacent said lire box section and communicating with said steam chamber to supply additional water thereto under extreme tiring conditions.

CARL z. ALEXANDER'. EARL s. ALEXANDER 

